Musumeci R, Tesoro-Tess J D, Costa A, Veronesi U
Lymphology. 1984 Dec;17(4):118-23.
Using a new aqueous nonionic contrast medium (Iotasul, Schering) we attempted visualization of axillary lymph nodes in patients with breast carcinoma. Intradermal infusion into the areola consistently opacified the subareolar plexus and latero-cranial lymphatic trunk. Axillary nodes were visualized in 78.6% of patients, but only 5.7% of surgically excised nodes were partially or totally opacified. Eleven patients underwent axillary lymph node dissection and histology confirmed metastases in 4, of which only two were detected by lymphography. Breast lymphography is inadequate for routine clinical application, and radical axillary dissection remains the mainstay for documentation of nodal metastases.
我们使用一种新型水性非离子型造影剂（碘他拉酸，先灵公司生产）尝试对乳腺癌患者的腋窝淋巴结进行显影。经皮内注入乳晕，始终能使乳晕下丛和颅外侧淋巴管主干显影。78.6%的患者腋窝淋巴结得以显影，但手术切除的淋巴结中只有5.7%部分或完全显影。11例患者接受了腋窝淋巴结清扫术，组织学检查证实4例有转移，其中淋巴管造影仅检测出2例。乳腺淋巴管造影不足以用于常规临床应用，腋窝根治性清扫术仍然是记录淋巴结转移的主要手段。
