Halvorson M J, TeStrake D, Martin D F
Microbios. 1984;41(164):105-13.
Fungistasis which occurs in soil has also been reported to exist in seawater. Nannochloris sp. (Chlorophyta) found along the west coast of Florida, has been shown to elaborate a compound which is cytolytic towards Ptychodiscus brevis, the Florida red tide organism. Aponin, a chloroform extract containing the cytolytic compound or compounds, was tested on the spore germination of two fungi, Dendryphiella salina, a facultative marine organism and Curvularia sp. a terrestrial one. Aponin was stimulatory towards D. salina at all concentrations tested, while Curvularia sp. was stimulated at the highest concentration used but inhibited at the lower concentrations. The culture age of the two fungi did not alter the relative sensitivity of both fungi towards aponin but the germination percentage of Curvularia sp. was affected by the culture age. An aqueous extract of Nannochloris sp. was also tested on the two fungi and was shown to be inhibitory to both. The results seem to indicate that more than one compound from Nannochloris sp. is capable of affecting spore germination indicating that this alga might be playing a role in the reported fungistasis in seawater. Gulf seawater was tested and found to have little if any fungistatic activity.
据报道，土壤中出现的真菌抑菌作用在海水中也存在。在佛罗里达州西海岸发现的微绿球藻属（绿藻门）已被证明能产生一种对短裸甲藻（佛罗里达赤潮生物）具有溶细胞作用的化合物。含有这种溶细胞化合物的氯仿提取物阿波宁，在两种真菌的孢子萌发实验中进行了测试，这两种真菌分别是兼性海洋生物盐渍树状枝孢菌和陆生真菌弯孢属真菌。在所有测试浓度下，阿波宁对盐渍树状枝孢菌都有刺激作用，而弯孢属真菌在所用最高浓度时受到刺激，但在较低浓度时受到抑制。这两种真菌的培养年龄并没有改变它们对阿波宁的相对敏感性，但弯孢属真菌的萌发率受培养年龄的影响。微绿球藻属的水提取物也在这两种真菌上进行了测试，结果显示对两者都有抑制作用。结果似乎表明，微绿球藻属的不止一种化合物能够影响孢子萌发，这表明这种藻类可能在报道的海水中真菌抑菌作用中发挥作用。对墨西哥湾海水进行了测试，发现其几乎没有真菌抑菌活性。
