Heslop-Harrison J S, Bennett M D
J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1984 Nov;83 Suppl:51-73.
Chromosomes are arranged in ordered haploid sets around the centre of the metaphase plate at mitosis in several grass species and hybrids. Each chromosome is in a fixed mean position relative to other, heterologous chromosomes, this order can be predicted using Bennett's model, and is clearly demonstrated from reconstructions of electron micrographs of serial sections (see Heslop-Harrison & Bennett, 1983a,b,c). The nucleus contains spatial domains of genes with similar functions. Chromosomes with major effects on nuclear behaviour--division or meiotic pairing--may be at special positions in the order. Changing spatial relationships of chromosomes with respect both to each other and the nuclear envelope (during the cell cycle and during development) may affect cell differentiation and gene activity. Chromosome order may have implications for the control of development within the nucleus and the organism. Order may constrain karyotype and hence species evolution.
在几种禾本科植物及其杂种的有丝分裂中期，染色体围绕中期板中心排列成有序的单倍体组。每条染色体相对于其他异源染色体都处于固定的平均位置，这种顺序可以用贝内特模型预测，并且通过连续切片的电子显微镜重建得到了清晰的证明（见赫斯洛普 - 哈里森和贝内特，1983a、b、c）。细胞核包含具有相似功能的基因的空间结构域。对核行为（分裂或减数分裂配对）有主要影响的染色体可能在该顺序中的特殊位置。染色体彼此之间以及与核膜的空间关系变化（在细胞周期和发育过程中）可能会影响细胞分化和基因活性。染色体顺序可能对细胞核和生物体发育的控制有影响。顺序可能会限制核型，从而影响物种进化。
