Batuev A S, Riabinskaia E A, Ashikhmina O V
Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 1984 Jan-Feb;34(1):38-47.
The experiments were carried out on rats of Wistar (W) and Krushinsky-Molodkina (KM) lines, differing in the level of task performance in conditions of multiple choice of food sources in a 12ray radial symmetrical maze. It is shown that in the radial maze, the rats of both lines use a number of behavioural tactics. To determine the influence of changes of environmental spatial characteristics while preserving the main experimental strategy--never revisit the places of reinforcement,--on the peculiarities of tactics manifestations maze modifications were elaborated. Besides the environmental procedure was changed. Under all conditions the rats of W line solved the task. According to the situation, they either preserved former tactics or developed some new ones. The rats of KM line could not solve the task in changed conditions. In most sessions, appearance or absence of given tactics was not adequate to new conditions. The presence of the necessary tactics not always facilitated the task solving. Thus, for the realization of adequate reactions, the presence of necessary tactics is not sufficient: their "tuning" is needed depending on situation. The possibility is supposed of genetic determination of rats ability to some tactics. However, it is emphasized, that tactics are not strongly fixed, as their realization depends on environmental conditions.
实验是在Wistar（W）系和Krushinsky-Molodkina（KM）系大鼠身上进行的，这两个品系在12臂放射状对称迷宫中对食物来源进行多重选择的条件下，任务表现水平有所不同。结果表明，在放射状迷宫中，两个品系的大鼠都采用了多种行为策略。为了确定在保持主要实验策略——从不返回强化地点——的同时，环境空间特征的变化对策略表现特点的影响，对迷宫进行了修改。此外，还改变了环境程序。在所有条件下，W系大鼠都能解决任务。根据情况，它们要么保留以前的策略，要么发展出一些新策略。KM系大鼠在改变后的条件下无法解决任务。在大多数实验中，特定策略的出现或缺失与新条件不匹配。必要策略的存在并不总是有助于任务的解决。因此，为了实现适当的反应，仅有必要策略是不够的：还需要根据情况对它们进行“调整”。推测大鼠对某些策略的能力存在基因决定因素。然而，需要强调的是，策略并非固定不变，因为它们的实现取决于环境条件。
