Béguin D P, Kincaid R L
Poult Sci. 1984 Apr;63(4):686-90. doi: 10.3382/ps.0630686.
Coumestrol was examined for its effects upon cholesterol metabolism. Chicks (60) were fed control and coumestrol test diets with added levels of cholesterol for 3 weeks. In the first trial, dietary treatments of 0 ppm coumestrol, 10 ppm coumestrol, 10 ppm coumestrol plus 1% cholesterol, and 1% cholesterol resulted in plasma cholesterol levels of 144, 127, 179, and 193 mg/dl, respectively. Growth rates of chicks were not affected by treatments. The percent ether extract of liver was significantly elevated in chicks fed the diet containing 10 ppm coumestrol and 1% cholesterol. Copper and zinc in liver was reduced in chicks receiving either added dietary coumestrol or cholesterol. A second trial compared diets with 0, .05, .5, 5, and 50 ppm coumestrol. Plasma levels of cholesterol in chicks at 3 wks were 156, 152, 149, 145, and 115 mg/dl, respectively. Liver 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A ( HMGCoA ) reductase activity in chicks fed 50 ppm coumestrol was elevated at Day 15 but had returned to control level by Day 21. Maximal HMGCoA reductase activity was found at 2000 hr and least activity at 0400 and 1400 hr. Peak HMGCoA reductase activity appeared strongly influenced by time of feed intake. Apparently, changes in HMGCoA reductase activity are secondary responses to reduced plasma cholesterol due to dietary coumestrol.
对香豆雌酚对胆固醇代谢的影响进行了研究。60只雏鸡被喂食添加了不同水平胆固醇的对照日粮和香豆雌酚试验日粮，为期3周。在第一次试验中，日粮处理为0 ppm香豆雌酚、10 ppm香豆雌酚、10 ppm香豆雌酚加1%胆固醇和1%胆固醇，雏鸡血浆胆固醇水平分别为144、127、179和193毫克/分升。雏鸡的生长速度不受处理的影响。在喂食含10 ppm香豆雌酚和1%胆固醇日粮的雏鸡中，肝脏的乙醚提取物百分比显著升高。在接受日粮中添加香豆雌酚或胆固醇的雏鸡中，肝脏中的铜和锌含量降低。第二次试验比较了含0、0.05、0.5、5和50 ppm香豆雌酚的日粮。3周龄雏鸡的血浆胆固醇水平分别为156、152、149、145和115毫克/分升。喂食50 ppm香豆雌酚的雏鸡在第15天时肝脏3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A（HMGCoA）还原酶活性升高，但在第21天时已恢复到对照水平。HMGCoA还原酶的最大活性在2000时出现，最低活性在0400和1400时出现。HMGCoA还原酶活性的峰值似乎受采食时间的强烈影响。显然，HMGCoA还原酶活性的变化是日粮香豆雌酚导致血浆胆固醇降低的次级反应。
