Greenberg R N, Reilly P M, Luppen K L, McMillian R, Bollinger M, Wolk S M, Darji T B, Noorani A A
J Infect Dis. 1984 Nov;150(5):623-30. doi: 10.1093/infdis/150.5.623.
Aztreonam (SQ 26,776) is the first parenteral monobactam agent to be used in patient trials. The agent has significant activity in vitro against facultative aerobic gram-negative bacteria but not against gram-positive or anaerobic bacteria. Aztreonam was used for a year to treat 106 hospitalized patients with a total of 131 documented gram-negative infections. Important exclusion criteria included granulocytopenia, hyperbilirubinemia, meningitis, patients less than 13 years of age, pregnancy, and history of anaphylaxis to penicillin. In this study of 35 men and 71 women, there were 67 cases of pyelonephritis (25% bacteremic), 19 of pneumonia (16% bacteremic), 10 of skin or soft-tissue infections, 9 cases of osteomyelitis, and 6 cases of postpartum endometritis. During the study period, 159 facultative aerobic gram-negative bacteria were tested for aztreonam susceptibility, and 144 (91%) were found to be susceptible. Eighty percent of infections were cured by both clinical and microbiological criteria and each of the other 26 infections showed clinical improvement. Eradication of the infecting organism was achieved in 89% of infections without adverse reaction or drug toxicity.
氨曲南（SQ 26,776）是首个用于患者试验的胃肠外单环β-内酰胺类药物。该药物在体外对兼性需氧革兰氏阴性菌有显著活性，但对革兰氏阳性菌或厌氧菌无活性。氨曲南用于治疗106名住院患者，共记录有131例革兰氏阴性菌感染，为期一年。重要的排除标准包括粒细胞减少症、高胆红素血症、脑膜炎、13岁以下患者、妊娠以及对青霉素有过敏反应史。在这项针对35名男性和71名女性的研究中，有67例肾盂肾炎（25%为菌血症）、19例肺炎（16%为菌血症）、10例皮肤或软组织感染、9例骨髓炎以及6例产后子宫内膜炎。在研究期间，对159株兼性需氧革兰氏阴性菌进行了氨曲南敏感性测试，其中144株（91%）敏感。80%的感染按临床和微生物学标准治愈，其他26例感染均有临床改善。89%的感染实现了感染病原体的根除，且无不良反应或药物毒性。
