Sale D G, MacDougall J D
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1984;53(2):128-32. doi: 10.1007/BF00422575.
Isokinetic strength of ankle plantarflexion (APF), knee extension (KE) and elbow extension (EE) was measured in male weight-trainers (6 power-lifters and 7 bodybuilders) and 25 untrained men of similar age and height. The weight-trainers exceeded control subjects by 21%, 25% and 73% in APF, KE and EE strength respectively. A similar pattern was obtained for limb girth, in which the weight-trainers exceeded control subjects by 6%, 13%, and 31% in calf, thigh and arm girth, respectively. Strength was similarly enhanced in the weight-trainers at the lower and higher velocities (APF 0.10, 0.63 rad X s-1, KE and EE 0.52, 3.14 rad X s-1) tested, and accounted for the positive correlation (r = 0.84) observed between low and high velocity strength. The powerlifters differed significantly from the bodybuilders only in their greater low velocity APF strength. The relatively greater enhancement of upper versus lower limb strength and muscle mass in the weight-trainers was considered in respect to training habits, trainability of different muscle groups and the state of training of muscle groups in untrained men.
在男性举重运动员（6名力量举运动员和7名健美运动员）以及25名年龄和身高相近的未经训练的男性中，测量了踝关节跖屈（APF）、膝关节伸展（KE）和肘关节伸展（EE）的等速肌力。举重运动员的APF、KE和EE力量分别比对照组高出21%、25%和73%。在肢体围度方面也得到了类似的结果，其中举重运动员的小腿、大腿和上臂围度分别比对照组高出6%、13%和31%。在测试的较低和较高速度（APF为0.10、0.63弧度×秒⁻¹，KE和EE为0.52、3.14弧度×秒⁻¹）下，举重运动员的力量也有类似增强，这也解释了观察到的低速和高速力量之间的正相关（r = 0.84）。力量举运动员与健美运动员的差异仅在于他们较低速度的APF力量更大。从训练习惯、不同肌肉群的可训练性以及未经训练男性肌肉群的训练状态等方面，对举重运动员上肢与下肢力量和肌肉质量相对更大的增强进行了考量。
