Nunneley S A, Dowd P J, Myhre L G, Stribley R F
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1978 Jun;49(6):763-7.
It is generally accepted that physiologically tolerable heat stress can adversely affect human performance, but it is difficult to predict the impact of a specific environment. Experiments were designed to determine the effects of thermal conditions similar to those occurring in aircraft cockpits in warm climates, where both high air temperatures and radiant heat play important roles. Subjects (n = 13) were exposed to heat for 2 h, had a 30-min break, then repeated the exposure. Conditions were Tdb = 35 degrees C and Twhb = 26 degrees C, with or without use of infrared lamps which raised globe temperature to 47 degrees C. Measurements included skin, rectal, and esophageal temperatures, heart rate, weight loss, and hematocrit. Subjective Fatigue Estimates (SFE) and Repetitive Psychometric Measures (RPM) were performed before, during, and after each heat stress. Both thermal conditions were physiologically compensable but induced marked subjective fatigue and altered the learning curve for some subtests of the RPM. Similar conditions in aircraft can be associated with impaired performance, particularly in new or emergency situations.
人们普遍认为，生理上可耐受的热应激会对人体表现产生不利影响，但很难预测特定环境的影响。实验旨在确定类似于温暖气候下飞机驾驶舱中出现的热条件的影响，在这种环境中，高气温和辐射热都起着重要作用。受试者（n = 13）先暴露于热环境2小时，休息30分钟，然后重复暴露。条件为干球温度（Tdb）= 35摄氏度，湿球黑球温度（Twhb）= 26摄氏度，使用或不使用红外灯，使用红外灯时会使黑球温度升至47摄氏度。测量包括皮肤温度、直肠温度、食管温度、心率、体重减轻和血细胞比容。在每次热应激之前、期间和之后进行主观疲劳估计（SFE）和重复心理测量（RPM）。两种热条件在生理上都是可补偿的，但会引起明显的主观疲劳，并改变RPM某些子测试的学习曲线。飞机上的类似条件可能与性能受损有关，尤其是在新情况或紧急情况下。
