Ingold R, Olivenstein C
Bull Narc. 1983 Jul-Sep;35(3):73-9.
An epidemiological survey of drug addiction in the Paris region included three studies which were carried out in 1981 and 1982. The first study of 100 clinical records revealed, inter alia, that only a small proportion of drug addicts had been referred to the institution by parents, general practitioners and the medical and social services, while the majority of cases had decided spontaneously or in response to peer pressure to seek consultation. The second study, which concerned the latency time, showed that for the majority of addicts, less than three years elapsed between the first use of heroin and the first consultation and that, on average, one year elapsed between the time when the addict became aware of his or her dependence and the first consultation. The third study, which was ethnographic, indicated that the first request for treatment was most often not prompted by the onset of a physical disorder related to drug use or withdrawal but by a situation which involved a number of factors, particularly a feeling or being tired of drug addiction.
一项针对巴黎地区药物成瘾情况的流行病学调查涵盖了1981年和1982年开展的三项研究。第一项对100份临床记录的研究特别揭示，只有一小部分吸毒者是由父母、全科医生以及医疗和社会服务机构转介到该机构的，而大多数病例是自行决定或在同伴压力下寻求咨询的。第二项关于潜伏期的研究表明，对于大多数吸毒者而言，从首次使用海洛因到首次咨询的时间间隔不到三年，并且平均而言，吸毒者意识到自己成瘾到首次咨询之间间隔一年。第三项人种志研究表明，首次寻求治疗往往并非由与药物使用或戒断相关的身体疾病发作所引发，而是由多种因素构成的一种情况所导致，尤其是对吸毒成瘾感到厌倦。
