Ashworth P M
J Adv Nurs. 1984 Jan;9(1):35-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1984.tb00341.x.
It is now over 20 years since coronary care units (CCUs) began to be opened. The purpose of providing constant observation for patients with myocardial infarction, and immediate specialized treatment when necessary has been fulfilled. But there is increasing evidence that psychosocial aspects of care may be just as important to the patients' total well-being as physical care. Communication is a key factor, and since nurses are the staff members most constantly present in CCUs they can exert considerable influence on communication between patients and their visitors, nurses and perhaps other staff. But patients are all individuals who each have their own ways of reacting to illness. If their particular communication needs are to be met then this aspect of nursing care must be planned, based on careful preliminary assessment. There is some evidence that nurses' communication skills are not always well-developed. This is not surprising since there has been little structured and knowledge-based teaching of interpersonal skills in basic nurse education in the United Kingdom in the past, or in many other countries. Communication is a major component of care which merits more consideration, including the needs of patients, visitors and nurses; the aims of nurse-patient-visitor communication; and approaches to improving it.
冠状动脉护理病房（CCU）开始设立至今已有20多年了。为心肌梗死患者提供持续观察并在必要时进行即时专业治疗的目的已经实现。但越来越多的证据表明，护理中的社会心理因素对患者的整体健康可能与身体护理同样重要。沟通是一个关键因素，由于护士是CCU中最经常在场的工作人员，他们会对患者与访客之间、护士与其他工作人员之间的沟通产生相当大的影响。但患者都是个体，每个人对疾病都有自己的反应方式。如果要满足他们特定的沟通需求，那么护理的这一方面必须基于仔细的初步评估来进行规划。有证据表明护士的沟通技巧并不总是很成熟。这并不奇怪，因为过去在英国以及许多其他国家的基础护士教育中，人际沟通技巧方面的结构化和基于知识的教学很少。沟通是护理的一个主要组成部分，值得更多关注，包括患者、访客和护士的需求；护患访客沟通的目标；以及改善沟通的方法。
