Yanko J
J Neurosurg Nurs. 1984 Aug;16(4):173-80. doi: 10.1097/01376517-198408000-00001.
In summary, the broad term "head injury" represents a large variety of more specific injuries. In order to anticipate and plan appropriate patient care, nurses need information regarding the cause of injury, the impact site, and the patient's clinical course in addition to current assessment findings. The nurse must also anticipate sequelae from secondary brain injury due to hypoxia, edema, increased intracranial pressure, changes in regional blood flows, or hypovolemic shock due to internal bleeding in another body system or cavity. The head-injured patient is a complex patient requiring intensive nursing care, observation, and assessment. By incorporating knowledge of the mechanisms of injury into nursing observations and assessments, nurses can provide more effective nursing interventions.
总之，广义的“头部损伤”涵盖了多种更为具体的损伤。为了预测并规划恰当的患者护理，护士除了需要了解当前的评估结果外，还需要有关损伤原因、撞击部位以及患者临床病程的信息。护士还必须预见到因缺氧、水肿、颅内压升高、局部血流变化或因身体其他系统或腔隙内出血导致的低血容量性休克所引起的继发性脑损伤的后遗症。头部受伤的患者是复杂的患者，需要重症护理、观察和评估。通过将损伤机制的知识纳入护理观察和评估中，护士可以提供更有效的护理干预措施。
