Yokoyama K, Oksche A, Darden T R, Farner D S
Cell Tissue Res. 1978 Jun 8;189(3):441-67. doi: 10.1007/BF00209132.
In bilaterally enucleated White-crowned Sparrows, Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii, testicular growth and development at rates similar to those of intact birds subjected to long days, can be induced by illumination of sites within and near the ventromedial hypothalamus from the tips of single, chronically implanted, light-conducting fibers. Essentially identical results are obtained with the same mode of encephalic illumination of birds with intact eyes held on short days that are otherwise nonstimulatory. Examination of the distribution of the sites of the fibers from which weak illumination induced testicular growth, increase in plasma level of luteinizing hormone or increase in plasma level of testosterone suggests that most of the photoreceptors must lie either within the ventromedial hypothalamus or in sites ventral thereto, such as the tuberal complex. For the time being, at least, we find it necessary to assume that some photosensitive elements of the system occur outside of the ventral hypothalamus.
在双侧摘除眼球的白冠雀（Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii）中，通过长期植入的单根光导纤维尖端对腹内侧下丘脑及其附近部位进行光照，可诱导睾丸以与处于长日照条件下的完整鸟类相似的速度生长和发育。对于处于短日照条件下原本无刺激作用的有完整眼睛的鸟类，采用相同的脑部光照方式也能获得基本相同的结果。对那些微弱光照可诱导睾丸生长、促黄体生成素血浆水平升高或睾酮血浆水平升高的纤维位点分布进行检查发现，大多数光感受器必定位于腹内侧下丘脑内或其腹侧部位，如结节复合体。至少就目前而言，我们认为有必要假定该系统的一些感光元件位于腹侧下丘脑之外。
