Adams D B, Brown S S, Sunderman F W, Zachariasen H
Clin Chem. 1978 Jun;24(6):862-7.
Two interlaboratory surveys of urine nickel analyses were performed in which eight or nine urine samples were distributed to laboratories in seven nations for measurements of nickel concentrations by atomic absorption spectrometry. In both surveys, wide discrepancies were observed in the values for urine nickel concentrations that were obtained in different laboratories by various analytical methods. This finding documents a serious need for improvement in the proficiency of nickel analyses. Nonetheless, excellent interlaboratory concordance was found in the rankings of urine samples in order of increasing nickel concentrations. Analytical techniques that involved preliminary wet or dry ashing and extration steps before flameless atomic absorption spectrometry were generally superior to techniques for direct analysis of urine by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry in respect to (a) analytical sensitivity, (b) recovery of added nickel, (c) interlaboratory precision, and (d) interlaboratory concordance of ranking of urine samples in order of increasing nickel concentrations.
开展了两项尿镍分析实验室间比对研究，将8或9份尿样分发给7个国家的实验室，采用原子吸收光谱法测量镍浓度。在两项比对研究中，不同实验室采用不同分析方法测得的尿镍浓度值存在很大差异。这一发现表明迫切需要提高镍分析的水平。尽管如此，按镍浓度递增顺序排列的尿样排名在实验室间具有良好的一致性。在无火焰原子吸收光谱法之前涉及初步湿灰化或干灰化及萃取步骤的分析技术，在以下方面通常优于直接用无火焰原子吸收光谱法分析尿样的技术：（a）分析灵敏度，（b）添加镍的回收率，（c）实验室间精密度，以及（d）按镍浓度递增顺序排列的尿样排名在实验室间的一致性。
