Ivanov E V, Ponomareva T V, Merkushev G N, Bisenieks E A, Dubur G Ia
Med Radiol (Mosk). 1983 Jul;28(7):40-4.
The purpose of research was to study and give a comparative evaluation of cystamine, mexamine, ionol, dimethyl--sulfoxide, eugenic acid, castor oil and cholesterol as skin local radioprotectors. Experiments were made on random-bred albino rats. Skin areas 25 mm2 in size on each paw were irradiated. The exposure dose rate was 5 X 10(-3) A/kg (1160 p/min.), the surface dose 6.5 X 10(-1) and 7.7 X 10(-1) Q/kg (2500 and 3000 P respectively). The time period (in days) of weak and severe erythema, dry and moist desquamations was assessed. The most sensitive "critical" components of radiation response which are open to modification with the help of radioprotectors--severe erythema and moist desquamation were revealed. Mexamine, cystamine and ionol produce the most marked effect. The value of their protective effect is 48.3; 40.1 and 32.3 units respectively. Skin radioprotectors possessing not less than 50% efficacy can be introduced into practice. A search for new radioprotectors should be aimed at the investigation of agents with the efficacy of a reduction of radiation injuries by 70% and more.
本研究的目的是对半胱胺、美沙明、生育三烯酚、二甲基亚砜、阿魏酸、蓖麻油和胆固醇作为皮肤局部辐射防护剂进行研究并给出比较评价。实验用随机繁殖的白化大鼠进行。对每只爪子上面积为25平方毫米的皮肤区域进行照射。照射剂量率为5×10（-3）安/千克（1160伦琴/分钟），表面剂量为6.5×10（-1）和7.7×10（-1）库仑/千克（分别为2500和3000伦琴）。评估了轻度和重度红斑、干性和湿性脱屑的持续时间（以天为单位）。揭示了辐射反应中最敏感的“关键”成分，即重度红斑和湿性脱屑，它们可借助辐射防护剂进行改变。美沙明、半胱胺和生育三烯酚产生的效果最为显著。它们的保护作用值分别为48.3、40.1和32.3单位。具有不少于50%功效的皮肤辐射防护剂可应用于实际。寻找新的辐射防护剂应旨在研究能将辐射损伤降低70%及以上功效的药物。
