Byers T, Marshall J, Graham S, Mettlin C, Swanson M
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1983 Oct;71(4):681-6.
A case-control study is presented that estimates ovarian cancer risk for various factors, including diet. Data collected by interview between 1957 and 1965 for 274 white women aged 30-79 years with epithelial carcinoma of the ovary are compared to data similarly collected for 1,034 hospital controls. Relative risk estimates are presented for the total group as well as for premonopausal (ages 30-49) and postmenopausal (ages 50-79) are groups. In the total group, cancer risk increased with increasing age at first marriage (P less than .01) and previous history of benign breast disease (P less than 0.1), and risk decreased with increasing number of previous pregnancies (P less than .01). In the 50- to 79-year age group, a marginally significant trend for decreasing risk with increasing obesity was observed (P less than .10). There was no significant risk (i.e., P less than .10) associated with the consumption of alcohol, cigarettes, coffee, tea, total dietary protein, vitamin C, or fat at any age. In the 30- to 49-year age group only, increased risk (P less than .01) was seen in women reporting diets low in fiber and vitamin A from fruit and vegetable sources. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the apparent protective effect of vitamin A in the 30- to 49-year age group (but not dietary fiber) was independent of the nondietary factors analyzed in this study (P less than .05).
本文呈现了一项病例对照研究，该研究评估了包括饮食在内的各种因素对卵巢癌风险的影响。将1957年至1965年间通过访谈收集的274名年龄在30 - 79岁之间患有卵巢上皮癌的白人女性的数据，与同样通过访谈收集的1034名医院对照者的数据进行比较。给出了总人群以及绝经前（30 - 49岁）和绝经后（50 - 79岁）人群的相对风险估计值。在总人群中，癌症风险随着初婚年龄的增加（P < 0.01）和既往良性乳腺疾病史（P < 0.1）而增加，随着既往怀孕次数的增加风险降低（P < 0.01）。在50 - 79岁年龄组中，观察到随着肥胖程度增加风险有略微显著的下降趋势（P < 0.10）。在任何年龄，饮酒、吸烟、喝咖啡、喝茶、总膳食蛋白质、维生素C或脂肪的摄入均未发现显著风险（即P < 0.10）。仅在30 - 49岁年龄组中，报告来自水果和蔬菜来源的纤维和维生素A含量低的女性风险增加（P < 0.01）。多元回归分析表明，30 - 49岁年龄组中维生素A（而非膳食纤维）的明显保护作用独立于本研究中分析的非饮食因素（P < 0.05）。
