Waaler P E
Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl. 1983;308:1-41.
A mixed longitudinal study of 3,068 children and adolescents from Bergen was carried out in the years from 1971-74. Measurements of height, weight, four skinfolds, biacromial and biiliac diameters, head and arm circumferences, arm length and sitting height, were taken. Distance centile charts were constructed for all 12 variables. Annual height and weight increments were also studied. Children in Bergen were taller in 1971-74 than in 1956 and approached the 1970 values from Oslo. Bergen children were smaller than Dutch children but were taller than children from other Scandinavian countries and children from some other Western countries. Median age at peak height velocity was 13.6 years in boys and 12.2 years in girls. The weights of pubertal girls varied considerably with a tendency to weight loss in some subjects. Weight for height centiles of Bergen children 1971-74 were closer to the results from Bergen 1956 than to Oslo children in 1970. When weights and skinfolds of Bergen children were compared to materials from other countries, a more complicated pattern was found. A tendency to overweight seen in adolescents living in Western countries, was also observed in the present material. A set of weight for height curves based on the median curve and the median weights -10%, +10%, +20%, and +30%, respectively, was found to be more close to the normal situation. This set of curves should therefore be used in practical clinical work. Children from Bergen had head circumferences relatively close to Danish children and larger than the most widely used international standards. Bergen children had similar or higher median sitting height, biacromial and biiliac diameters than children from other countries. Arm circumferences of Bergen children were smaller than in Dutch children and relatively similar to children from other countries. The present growth study may be regarded as representative of normal Norwegian children in a period with a high standard of living and small differences between various subgroups of the population.
1971年至1974年间，对来自卑尔根的3068名儿童和青少年进行了一项混合纵向研究。测量了身高、体重、四处皮褶厚度、肩峰间径和髂嵴间径、头围和臂围、臂长和坐高。为所有12个变量构建了距离百分位图表。还研究了年身高和体重增长情况。1971年至1974年期间，卑尔根的儿童比1956年更高，接近奥斯陆1970年的水平。卑尔根儿童比荷兰儿童矮小，但比其他斯堪的纳维亚国家的儿童和其他一些西方国家的儿童高。男孩身高增长峰值的中位年龄为13.6岁，女孩为12.2岁。青春期女孩的体重差异很大，一些受试者有体重减轻的趋势。1971年至1974年卑尔根儿童的身高体重百分位数比1956年卑尔根的结果更接近1970年奥斯陆儿童的结果。当将卑尔根儿童的体重和皮褶厚度与其他国家的资料进行比较时，发现了一种更复杂的模式。在本研究资料中也观察到了西方国家青少年中存在的超重倾向。发现一组基于中位数曲线以及分别为中位数体重-10%、+10%、+20%和+30%的身高体重曲线更接近正常情况。因此，这组曲线应在实际临床工作中使用。卑尔根儿童的头围相对接近丹麦儿童，且大于最广泛使用的国际标准。卑尔根儿童的中位坐高、肩峰间径和髂嵴间径与其他国家的儿童相似或更高。卑尔根儿童的臂围比荷兰儿童小，与其他国家的儿童相对相似。本次生长研究可被视为生活水平较高且人群各亚组之间差异较小的时期挪威正常儿童的代表。
