Shimizu N, Mizuno M
J Neural Transm Suppl. 1983;19:233-42.
Oculomotor characteristics of patients with Parkinsonism have been analyzed. 1. The Parkinsonian patients showed relatively high frequency, but mild degree of abnormalities in various oculomotor functions such as pursuit eye movements, saccade and optokinetic nystagmus and frequently had positional and positioning nystagmus, although all of them might not relate to the pathology of parkinsonism. 2. When a visual target was presented laterally to a subject and head was free to move, the Parkinsonian patients showed relatively good eye-head coordination for gaze shift, resulting in accurate and stable gaze. However, the reaction times of head and eyes were prolonged and overt head movement was observed. 3. Ocular dyskinesias, characterized by smooth, slow, to-and-fro deviations with large amplitude and prominent in darkness were observed in 8 patients out of 10 with bodily dyskinesia while taking levodopa. 4. Oculogyric crises, paralysis of downward gaze, prolonged reaction time of saccade and poor optokinetic nystagmus were seen in a patient with juvenile Parkinsonism, whose neuropathological examination revealed the most striking changes in the substantia nigra, central grey and midline portion, and ventral and caudal to the central grey.
帕金森病患者的动眼神经特征已被分析。1. 帕金森病患者在各种动眼神经功能（如跟踪眼球运动、扫视和视动性眼球震颤）中表现出相对较高的频率，但异常程度较轻，并且经常出现位置性和定位性眼球震颤，尽管并非所有这些都与帕金森病的病理相关。2. 当向受试者侧面呈现视觉目标且头部可自由移动时，帕金森病患者在注视转移时表现出相对良好的眼头协调能力，从而实现准确而稳定的注视。然而，头部和眼睛的反应时间延长，并且观察到明显的头部运动。3. 10名患有躯体运动障碍且正在服用左旋多巴的患者中，有8名出现了以平滑、缓慢、大幅度的来回偏斜为特征且在黑暗中较为明显的动眼运动障碍。4. 一名青少年帕金森病患者出现了动眼危象、向下注视麻痹、扫视反应时间延长和视动性眼球震颤不佳的情况，其神经病理学检查显示黑质、中央灰质和中线部分以及中央灰质腹侧和尾侧有最显著的变化。
