Kelly J R, Cohen M E
J Am Dent Assoc. 1984 Apr;108(4):621-4. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1984.0368.
Injectable foreign matter may originate in part from: anesthetic cartridge diaphragm surfaces, diaphragm polymer materials, and debris in the lumen of sterile, manufacturer-sealed needles. Particles ranging from 30 to 305 microns were collected from four brands of dental anesthetic cartridges (320 cartridges/brand). Results of this study suggest that rubber and aluminum debris may commonly be injected with anesthetic solutions. Debris on the outer surface of the needle may also be drawn into injection sites. Possible health implications of injectable matter are discussed and remain conjectural.
麻醉药筒隔膜表面、隔膜聚合物材料以及无菌的、制造商密封的针管腔内的碎屑。从四个品牌的牙科麻醉药筒（每个品牌320个药筒）中收集到了30至305微米的颗粒。这项研究结果表明，橡胶和铝碎屑可能经常随麻醉溶液一起被注射进去。针管外表面的碎屑也可能被吸入注射部位。文中讨论了可注射物质可能对健康产生的影响，这些影响仍属推测。
