Hirai K, Ohno Y, Nakano T, Izutani K
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1984 Apr;30(2):101-12. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.30.101.
The effects of dietary fats and phytosterol on the fatty acid composition and lipoprotein cholesterol in serum were studied in female rats, with the following results. (1) The addition of 1% cholesterol to the 20% butter diet decreased the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) to saturated fatty acid (SFA) in serum. This phenomenon was negated when there was an intake of cod liver oil and wheat germ oil. (2) When cholesterol was added to the 20% butter diet, the serum total cholesterol increased 3.7-fold, due to an increase in the lower density lipoprotein (LDL + VLDL). (3) The addition of 5% phytosterol to the 10% butter-cholesterol diet reduced the total cholesterol level and increased the ratio of cholesterol in high density lipoprotein (HDL) to the cholesterol in LDL + VLDL. Although a 10% cod liver oil addition also reduced the total cholesterol level, the ratio of HDL/LDL + VLDL was similar to that of the 10% butter-cholesterol diet. (4) A direct relationship was found between the concentration of oleic acid (18:1) in serum and the total cholesterol level (r = 0.947) and also the level of LDL + VLDL-cholesterol (r = 0.935). These results show that cod liver oil, wheat germ oil, and phytosterol induce an increase in the PUFA/SFA ratio, promote hypocholesterolemia, and change lipoprotein concentration. However, there were indications that no relationship exists between the change in the total cholesterol level and the change in the ratio of HDL/LDL + VLDL, and that the increase of total cholesterol and LDL + VLDL-cholesterol was consistent with the increase of oleic acid in serum.
在雌性大鼠中研究了膳食脂肪和植物甾醇对血清脂肪酸组成和脂蛋白胆固醇的影响，结果如下。(1) 在20%黄油饮食中添加1%胆固醇会降低血清中多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)与饱和脂肪酸(SFA)的比例。当摄入鱼肝油和小麦胚芽油时，这种现象会被抵消。(2) 当在20%黄油饮食中添加胆固醇时，血清总胆固醇增加了3.7倍，这是由于低密度脂蛋白(LDL + VLDL)增加所致。(3) 在10%黄油-胆固醇饮食中添加5%植物甾醇可降低总胆固醇水平，并增加高密度脂蛋白(HDL)胆固醇与LDL + VLDL胆固醇的比例。虽然添加10%鱼肝油也能降低总胆固醇水平，但HDL/LDL + VLDL的比例与10%黄油-胆固醇饮食相似。(4) 发现血清中油酸(18:1)浓度与总胆固醇水平(r = 0.947)以及LDL + VLDL-胆固醇水平(r = 0.935)之间存在直接关系。这些结果表明，鱼肝油、小麦胚芽油和植物甾醇可导致PUFA/SFA比例增加，促进降胆固醇作用，并改变脂蛋白浓度。然而，有迹象表明，总胆固醇水平的变化与HDL/LDL + VLDL比例的变化之间不存在关系，并且总胆固醇和LDL + VLDL-胆固醇的增加与血清中油酸的增加一致。
