Masarei J R, Rouse I L, Lynch W J, Robertson K, Vandongen R, Beilin L J
Aust N Z J Med. 1984 Aug;14(4):400-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.1984.tb03603.x.
Vegetarian diets produce moderate but appreciable changes in serum lipid levels. A six-week intervention study in which other aspects of life-style were kept constant showed that levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol fell 0.22, 0.19 and 0.07 mmol/l, respectively, while triglyceride levels increased non-significantly 0.12 mmol/l. The ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol did not change. A comparison of groups of habitual vegetarians and omnivores matched for other aspects of lifestyle showed rather larger differences in atherogenic lipid levels: 0.71 and 0.67 mmol/l for total- and LDL-cholesterol; the difference in HDL-C levels was 0.04 mmol/l; triglyceride was 0.19 mmol/l greater in vegetarians. 92% of the variation in intakes of major nutrients was accounted for by three derived factors; changes in levels of most of the lipids were associated in each case with one of the factors. The resultant falls in the levels of total- and LDL-cholesterol in people adopting a vegetarian diet probably contribute to a reduction in cardiovascular risk.
素食饮食会使血清脂质水平产生适度但明显的变化。一项为期六周的干预研究，其中生活方式的其他方面保持不变，结果显示总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平分别下降了0.22、0.19和0.07毫摩尔/升，而甘油三酯水平无显著升高，仅增加了0.12毫摩尔/升。总胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的比值没有变化。对生活方式其他方面相匹配的习惯性素食者和杂食者群体进行比较，结果显示在致动脉粥样硬化脂质水平上存在更大差异：总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇分别为0.71和0.67毫摩尔/升；高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平差异为0.04毫摩尔/升；素食者的甘油三酯水平比杂食者高0.19毫摩尔/升。主要营养素摄入量的92%的变化可由三个衍生因素来解释；大多数脂质水平的变化在每种情况下都与其中一个因素相关。采用素食饮食的人总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的下降可能有助于降低心血管疾病风险。
