McKillip J, Barrett G, DiMiceli A J
J Gen Psychol. 1978 Apr;98(2d Half):161-71. doi: 10.1080/00221309.1978.9920869.
Two experiments tested the meaning change model's prediction for the effect of trait ambiguity on impression formation. Participants were all college students, 43 males and 29 females in Experiment 1 and 20 males and 28 females in Experiment 2. Standard impression formation tasks were used. The results revealed greater context effects for high as compared to low ambiguous traits and greater influence on description ratings for low as compared to high ambigous traits, supporting the meaning change model. When ratings of descriptions and of individual traits were clearly separated, context effects were observed only for low ambiguous traits. The implications of this finding for meaning change and information integration models of impression formation are discussed
两项实验检验了意义变化模型关于特质模糊性对印象形成影响的预测。参与者均为大学生，实验1中有43名男性和29名女性，实验2中有20名男性和28名女性。采用了标准的印象形成任务。结果显示，与低模糊特质相比，高模糊特质的情境效应更大；与高模糊特质相比，低模糊特质对描述评分的影响更大，这支持了意义变化模型。当描述评分和个体特质评分明显分开时，仅在低模糊特质中观察到情境效应。本文讨论了这一发现对印象形成的意义变化和信息整合模型的启示。
