Kalin M, Carlsson B, Karlsson I
Scand J Infect Dis. 1984;16(1):73-8. doi: 10.3109/00365548409068411.
Of 191 consecutive clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae tested for antibiotic susceptibility with the agar dilution technique 87% were fully sensitive to all of 11 antimicrobial agents examined. 90% of the strains were inhibited by 0.016 micrograms/ml of benzylpenicillin, by 0.032 micrograms/ml of ampicillin, cefuroxime, erythromycin, clindamycin or rifampicin, by 0.13 micrograms/ml of cephalothin, oxacillin or doxycycline, by 4.0 micrograms/ml of chloramphenicol and by 8.0 micrograms/ml of cotrimoxazole. 18 strains exhibited a reduced susceptibility to one (11 strains) or more (7 strains) of erythromycin, doxycycline, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole. One of these strains also showed a reduced susceptibility to all 5 examined beta-lactam antibiotics, as did another 4 strains. Two of these 5 strains were isolated from small children recently adopted from 2 Asian countries. Cotrimoxazole-resistant strains were significantly more often isolated from children 1 yr of age or less than from older patients. All strains were fully sensitive to clindamycin and rifampicin. The existence of pneumococcal strains with resistance or reduced susceptibility to antibiotics commonly used for treatment of pneumococcal infections is important to bear in mind and necessitates antibiotic susceptibility testing of strains isolated from patients with severe infections.
采用琼脂稀释法对191株肺炎链球菌临床分离株进行抗生素敏感性检测，结果显示，87%的菌株对所检测的11种抗菌药物均完全敏感。90%的菌株可被0.016微克/毫升的苄青霉素、0.032微克/毫升的氨苄西林、头孢呋辛、红霉素、克林霉素或利福平、0.13微克/毫升的头孢噻吩、苯唑西林或多西环素、4.0微克/毫升的氯霉素以及8.0微克/毫升的复方新诺明抑制。18株菌株对红霉素、多西环素、氯霉素和复方新诺明中的一种（11株）或多种（7株）呈现敏感性降低。其中一株菌株对所有5种检测的β-内酰胺类抗生素敏感性也降低，另外4株也是如此。这5株菌株中有2株是从最近从2个亚洲国家收养的幼儿中分离出来的。复方新诺明耐药菌株在1岁及以下儿童中分离到的频率明显高于年龄较大的患者。所有菌株对克林霉素和利福平均完全敏感。必须牢记存在对常用于治疗肺炎球菌感染的抗生素具有耐药性或敏感性降低的肺炎球菌菌株，对于从严重感染患者中分离出的菌株进行抗生素敏感性检测很有必要。
