Liñares J, Perez J L, Garau J, Murgui L, Martín R
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1984 Apr;13(4):353-9. doi: 10.1093/jac/13.4.353.
Eighty-four isolates of penicillin-resistant pneumococci were tested for susceptibility to vancomycin, rifampicin, cotrimoxazole, and 14 beta-lactam antibiotics by agar and microbroth dilution methods. Twenty-three were from adult patients with pneumococcal disease, 57 from nasopharingeal carriers (preschool children) and four were resistant South African isolates. For all isolates tested, imipenem (N-formimidoyl thienamycin), rifampicin, ceftriaxone and cefotaxime had the greatest activity ( MIC90 : 0 X 12, 0 X 25, 0 X 5 mg/l, respectively). Cefoxitin and latamoxef were the least active of the drugs studied. The remaining beta-lactams tested had less activity than that of penicillin. All strains were inhibited by 1 mg/l of vancomycin and all but one were resistant to cotrimoxazole. The excellent in-vitro activities of the newer beta-lactam agents (ceftriaxone, cefotaxime and, particularly, imipenem ) and vancomycin against penicillin-resistant pneumococci offer a considerable promise for their use in the treatment of pneumococcal meningitis caused by these strains.
采用琼脂稀释法和微量肉汤稀释法，对84株耐青霉素肺炎球菌进行了对万古霉素、利福平、复方新诺明及14种β-内酰胺类抗生素的敏感性测试。其中23株来自患有肺炎球菌病的成年患者，57株来自鼻咽携带者（学龄前儿童），4株为南非耐药菌株。对于所有测试菌株，亚胺培南（N-甲酰亚胺硫霉素）、利福平、头孢曲松和头孢噻肟活性最强（MIC90分别为0×12、0×25、0×5mg/L）。头孢西丁和拉氧头孢是所研究药物中活性最低的。其余测试的β-内酰胺类药物活性低于青霉素。所有菌株均被1mg/L的万古霉素抑制，除1株外均对复方新诺明耐药。新型β-内酰胺类药物（头孢曲松、头孢噻肟，尤其是亚胺培南）和万古霉素对耐青霉素肺炎球菌具有出色的体外活性，这为它们用于治疗由这些菌株引起的肺炎球菌性脑膜炎带来了很大希望。
