Boyd S A, Shelton D R, Berry D, Tiedje J M
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983 Jul;46(1):50-4. doi: 10.1128/aem.46.1.50-54.1983.
We examined the anaerobic degradation of phenol and the ortho, meta, and para isomers of chlorophenol, methoxyphenol, methylphenol (cresol), and nitrophenol in anaerobic sewage sludge diluted to 10% in a mineral salts medium. Of the 12 monosubstituted phenols studied, only p-chlorophenol and o-cresol were not significantly degraded during an 8-week incubation period. The phenol compounds degraded and the time required for complete substrate disappearance (in weeks) were: phenol (2), o-chlorophenol (3), m-chlorophenol (7), o-methoxyphenol (2), m- and p-methoxyphenol (1), m-cresol (7), p-cresol (3), and o-, m-, and p-nitrophenol (1). Complete mineralization of phenol, o-chlorophenol, m-cresol, p-cresol, o-nitrophenol, p-nitrophenol, and o-, m-, and p-methoxyphenol was observed. In general, the presence of Cl and NO2 groups on phenols inhibited methane production. Elimination or transformation of these substituents was accompanied by increased methane production, o-Chlorophenol was metabolized to phenol, which indicated that dechlorination was the initial degradation step. The methoxyphenols were transformed to the corresponding dihydroxybenzene compounds, which were subsequently mineralized.
我们在以矿物盐培养基稀释至10%的厌氧污水污泥中，研究了苯酚以及氯酚、甲氧基苯酚、甲基苯酚（甲酚）和硝基苯酚的邻位、间位和对位异构体的厌氧降解情况。在所研究的12种单取代苯酚中，在8周的培养期内，只有对氯苯酚和邻甲酚没有明显降解。被降解的酚类化合物以及底物完全消失所需的时间（以周计）分别为：苯酚（2）、邻氯苯酚（3）、间氯苯酚（7）、邻甲氧基苯酚（2）、间甲氧基苯酚和对甲氧基苯酚（1）、间甲酚（7）、对甲酚（3）以及邻硝基苯酚、间硝基苯酚和对硝基苯酚（1）。观察到苯酚、邻氯苯酚、间甲酚、对甲酚、邻硝基苯酚、对硝基苯酚以及邻甲氧基苯酚、间甲氧基苯酚和对甲氧基苯酚实现了完全矿化。一般来说，酚类上氯和硝基的存在抑制了甲烷的产生。这些取代基的消除或转化伴随着甲烷产量的增加。邻氯苯酚代谢为苯酚，这表明脱氯是最初的降解步骤。甲氧基苯酚转化为相应的二羟基苯化合物，随后这些化合物被矿化。
