Nordin K E, Larson O, Nylén B, Eklund G
Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg. 1983;17(1):33-50. doi: 10.3109/02844318309007177.
The methods of preoperative orthopedics: a "T-traction" procedure for unilateral clefts and a combined premaxillary pressure and expansion procedure for bilateral clefts and of early alveolar bone grafting: the Nordin's "four-flap" technique, are described in detail. The subsequent effects of treatment according to those methods were studied with roentgencephalometric analysis in cleft patients from 7 to 13 years of age. They were divided into two unilateral and one bilateral complete cleft group, all having been early bone grafted. The unilateral groups were composed of one group of 39 children operated on during the period 1960-65 without preoperative "T-traction", and another group, of 46 children, operated on in 1965-72 after preoperative "T-traction". The bilateral group included 19 children operated on 1960-72 after preoperative orthopedics. The same degree of inhibited development of the facial skeleton as found in another Swedish early bone grafted cleft group was not present in our patients. The development of the skeletal profile in our bone grafted cases, especially those in the "T-traction" group, was well within the limits of non-grafted U.S. cases, but differed from non-clefts.
单侧腭裂采用“T 形牵引”手术，双侧腭裂采用上颌前部加压扩弓联合手术，以及早期牙槽骨植骨的方法：诺丁的“四瓣”技术。对 7 至 13 岁腭裂患者采用这些方法治疗后的后续效果进行了 X 线头影测量分析研究。他们被分为两个单侧完全腭裂组和一个双侧完全腭裂组，所有患者均接受了早期骨移植。单侧组中，一组是 1960 年至 1965 年期间接受手术的 39 名儿童，术前未进行“T 形牵引”；另一组是 1965 年至 1972 年期间接受手术的 46 名儿童，术前进行了“T 形牵引”。双侧组包括 1960 年至 1972 年期间接受术前矫形后手术的 19 名儿童。在我们的患者中，未发现与另一个瑞典早期骨移植腭裂组相同程度的面部骨骼发育抑制情况。在我们接受骨移植的病例中，尤其是“T 形牵引”组的病例，骨骼轮廓的发育完全在美国未接受骨移植病例的范围内，但与非腭裂患者不同。
