Goldstein D J, Ropchak T G, Keiser H R, Atta G J, Argiolas A, Pisano J J
J Biol Chem. 1983 Oct 25;258(20):12122-4.
Four naturally occurring peptides of the kinin family, bradykinin, lysylbradykinin, methionyllysylbradykinin, and polisteskinin reverse the inhibitory effect of morphine, metenkephalin, and epinephrine on the electrically stimulated guinea pig ileum longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus preparation. Bradykinin, the most potent kinin, enhances the release of acetylcholine in the gut, and its reversal of the opiate inhibitory effect is blocked by the anticholinergic drug, hyoscine.
激肽家族的四种天然存在的肽，缓激肽、赖氨酰缓激肽、甲硫氨酰赖氨酰缓激肽和黄蜂激肽，可逆转吗啡、甲硫氨酸脑啡肽和肾上腺素对电刺激的豚鼠回肠纵肌肌间神经丛标本的抑制作用。缓激肽是最有效的激肽，可增强肠道中乙酰胆碱的释放，其对阿片类药物抑制作用的逆转被抗胆碱能药物东莨菪碱阻断。
