Crow K E, Newland K M, Batt R D
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1983;18 Suppl 1:237-40. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(83)90178-8.
The stimulation of ethanol oxidation by fructose which has frequently been observed in isolated hepatocytes was found to occur only in unsupplemented cells. In the presence of other substrates (lactate, pyruvate) which accelerate ethanol oxidation, fructose had no additional effect. Acceleration of ethanol oxidation by fructose was not directly related to the ATP demand created by fructose. The effects of fructose on ethanol oxidation rates were not due to changes in acetaldehyde concentration. In cells from fed animals, acetaldehyde concentrations rose as high as 200 microM in some incubations, and therefore became a significant factor limiting ethanol oxidation rates. In hepatocytes isolated from starved rats incubated with pyruvate, where acetaldehyde concentrations were very low, (1-2 microM) it was possible to assess the effect of changes in [lactate]/[pyruvate] (and hence free cytosolic NADH) on rates of ethanol oxidation. The results showed that the increase in free cytosolic [NADH] usually found during ethanol oxidation in vivo would inhibit rates of ethanol clearance by a maximum of 20%.
在分离的肝细胞中经常观察到的果糖对乙醇氧化的刺激作用仅在未添加其他物质的细胞中出现。在存在其他加速乙醇氧化的底物（乳酸、丙酮酸）时，果糖没有额外作用。果糖对乙醇氧化的加速作用与果糖产生的ATP需求没有直接关系。果糖对乙醇氧化速率的影响并非由于乙醛浓度的变化。在喂食动物的细胞中，在某些孵育实验中乙醛浓度高达200微摩尔/升，因此成为限制乙醇氧化速率的一个重要因素。在用丙酮酸孵育的饥饿大鼠分离的肝细胞中，乙醛浓度非常低（1 - 2微摩尔/升），在此可以评估[乳酸]/[丙酮酸]的变化（以及因此游离的胞质NADH）对乙醇氧化速率的影响。结果表明，在体内乙醇氧化过程中通常发现的游离胞质[NADH]增加最多会抑制乙醇清除率20%。
