Grant K A, Choi E Y, Samson H H
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1983;18 Suppl 1:331-6. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(83)90195-8.
Neonatal rats were reared using an artificial feeding technique from postnatal day 4 through 18. On postnatal day 4 through 7, some animals were given ethanol in their milk formula with the remaining animals serving as controls. The ethanol was given in amounts that have been shown to induce microcephaly when animals are examined at 18 days after birth. In this study, on postnatal day 18, all animals were weaned and allowed ad lib food and water until they were sacrificed at 60 days of age. When the animals were 30 days old, they were tested on a battery of behavioral tasks (nose poke, passive avoidance, and open field). No differences were found between the ethanol exposed animals and their controls on passive avoidance or nose poke activity. Ethanol-exposed female animals showed increased activity compared to their controls in the open field. There were no differences in open field activity between the ethanol exposed males and their controls. An examination of brain growth parameters (wet weights, DNA, cholesterol and protein content) showed no difference between the brains of ethanol-exposed males compared to controls at 60 days of age, regardless of brain parameter or brain area studied (forebrain, cerebellum or brainstem). The brains of ethanol-exposed females, however, had considerably less catch-up growth, with the ethanol effect on the cerebellum being very similar to that observed at 18 days of age. The results imply that sex and the time of ethanol exposure may interact to determine the ability of the brain to develop following a neonatal alcohol insult.
新生大鼠从出生后第4天到18天采用人工喂养技术饲养。在出生后第4天到7天，一些动物在其牛奶配方中给予乙醇，其余动物作为对照。给予的乙醇量已表明，在出生后18天检查动物时会诱发小头畸形。在本研究中，出生后第18天，所有动物断奶，并给予自由采食和饮水，直到60日龄时处死。当动物30日龄时，对它们进行一系列行为任务测试（鼻触、被动回避和旷场试验）。在被动回避或鼻触活动方面，暴露于乙醇的动物与其对照组之间未发现差异。在旷场试验中，暴露于乙醇的雌性动物与其对照组相比活动增加。暴露于乙醇的雄性动物与其对照组在旷场活动方面没有差异。对脑生长参数（湿重、DNA、胆固醇和蛋白质含量）的检查表明，在60日龄时，无论研究的脑参数或脑区（前脑、小脑或脑干）如何，暴露于乙醇的雄性动物的脑与对照组相比没有差异。然而，暴露于乙醇的雌性动物的脑追赶生长明显较少，乙醇对小脑的影响与在18日龄时观察到的非常相似。结果表明，性别和乙醇暴露时间可能相互作用，以决定新生儿酒精损伤后脑的发育能力。
