Lundgren-Lindquist B, Grimby G, Landahl S
Scand J Rehabil Med. 1983;15(3):109-15.
In the longitudinal population study "70-year-old people in Göteborg" (H 70) at the second follow-up in 1980-81, 112 women and 93 men were examined concerning their hygiene abilities such as visiting the toilet and taking a bath. These elderly people were interviewed about their locomotor function, needs of technical aids and personal assistance available at home. An examination of their functional ability was performed in accordance with a standardized test in two bathrooms, one with a bathtub and the other one with a shower area. Recordings of heart rate and subjectively perceived exertion were made during the test. Almost all were able to stand in front of the washbasin when washing themselves. Climbing in, sitting down and getting out of the bathtub required relatively high levels of effort, and almost one in five had difficulties. Only a few subjects needed personal assistance for getting out of the bathtub. There were large intraindividual variations of heart rate and perceived exertion in the various tasks. More than three of four took advantage of the handrails next to the bathtub during the test compared to one third of the subjects having handrails at home. Two thirds of the subjects had at least one technical aid in the bathroom, the most common technical aid in the bathroom was a "non-slip" mat in the bathtub. The importance of designing products and adapting the environment corresponding to the functional capacity of the elderly is emphasized.
在名为“哥德堡的70岁老人”（H70）的纵向人群研究中，于1980 - 1981年进行第二次随访时，对112名女性和93名男性的卫生能力进行了检查，比如上厕所和洗澡。这些老年人接受了关于他们运动功能、技术辅助器具需求以及家中可获得的个人协助方面的访谈。按照一项标准化测试，在两间浴室中对他们的功能能力进行了检查，一间浴室有浴缸，另一间有淋浴区。测试期间记录了心率和主观感受的劳累程度。几乎所有人在洗漱时都能站在洗脸盆前。爬进浴缸、坐下和从浴缸出来需要相对较高的体力，几乎五分之一的人有困难。只有少数人从浴缸出来时需要个人协助。在各项任务中，心率和主观感受的劳累程度存在较大的个体差异。与家中有扶手的三分之一的受试者相比，四分之三以上的受试者在测试期间利用了浴缸旁的扶手。三分之二的受试者在浴室至少有一项技术辅助器具，浴室中最常见的技术辅助器具是浴缸里的“防滑”垫。强调了根据老年人的功能能力设计产品和调整环境的重要性。
