Sorrentino F, Fella A, Pota A
Urol Res. 1978;6(2):71-5. doi: 10.1007/BF00255576.
Chronic intoxication with diphenylamine (DPA), which causes a cystic kidney disease in the rat and the guinea-pig, caused degeneration of the renal tubular epithelium in the chicken. This was similar to but much more serious than that preceding the formation of cysts in the rodents, but did not actually result in cyst formation, probably because of the high mortality rate observed in the birds even at this early stage. In the chicken until now it had been possible to obtain a pattern of renal cysts only with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) which also induce the "chick oedema" syndrome. The renal lesions due to DPA in the chicken were similar to those produced by PCB, but were not accompanied by oedema, which suggests that "chick oedema" caused by PCB is not due to renal insufficiency. The differences in the renal lesions noted in the various animal species give credit to the hypothesis that DPA may have two effects on the tubular epitelium, one stimulating cell proliferation and one leading to degeneration. Cysts may be formed only in those species in which there is cell proliferation.
二苯胺（DPA）慢性中毒会在大鼠和豚鼠身上引发一种囊性肾病，在鸡身上则会导致肾小管上皮细胞变性。这与啮齿动物形成囊肿之前的情况相似，但更为严重，不过实际上并未导致囊肿形成，可能是因为即便在这个早期阶段，鸟类的死亡率就很高。到目前为止，在鸡身上只有通过多氯联苯（PCB）才能形成肾囊肿模式，多氯联苯还会引发“鸡水肿”综合征。鸡身上由二苯胺导致的肾脏病变与多氯联苯产生的病变相似，但没有伴随水肿，这表明多氯联苯引起的“鸡水肿”并非由肾功能不全所致。在不同动物物种中观察到的肾脏病变差异支持了这样一种假说，即二苯胺可能对肾小管上皮细胞有两种作用，一种刺激细胞增殖，另一种导致变性。只有在那些有细胞增殖的物种中才可能形成囊肿。
