Dittrich M, Dinkel E, Peters H
Ultraschall Med. 1983 Sep;4(3):174-81. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1013062.
Standardized cerebral sonography permits early diagnosis of intracranial abnormalities and follow-up of high-risk neonates and infants during the first year of life. In the last three years 782 neonates and infants were examined using a real-time sector scanners (3,5--7,5 MHz). Echogenicity of parenchymal structures as well as the ventricular system, the subarachnoid space and the choroid plexus were routinely investigated. Based on morphological criteria a stage classification of brain haemorrhage into five degrees of severity has been developed. The sonographic pattern of normal anatomy, various types of hydrocephalus, intracranial infectious pathology, brain tumor and meningomyelocele is described. Sonographic monitoring facilitates the decision on conservative or neurosurgical treatment of hydrocephalus.
标准化脑超声检查能够在生命的第一年对颅内异常进行早期诊断，并对高危新生儿和婴儿进行随访。在过去三年中，使用实时扇形扫描仪（3.5 - 7.5兆赫）对782例新生儿和婴儿进行了检查。常规研究了实质结构以及脑室系统、蛛网膜下腔和脉络丛的回声性。基于形态学标准，已制定了脑出血严重程度分为五个等级的分期分类。描述了正常解剖结构、各种类型脑积水、颅内感染性病变、脑肿瘤和脊髓脊膜膨出的超声图像特征。超声监测有助于决定对脑积水进行保守治疗还是神经外科治疗。
