Jurascheck F, Egloff H, Buemi A, Laedlein-Greilsammer D
Urology. 1983 Dec;22(6):659-63. doi: 10.1016/0090-4295(83)90322-9.
The literature is reviewed and 2 new cases of paraganglioma of the urinary bladder, 1 malignant and 1 benign, are presented. One patient had no classic symptoms of vesical paraganglioma, and diagnosis was made postoperatively by means of light and electron microscopy. Differentiation between malignant and benign endocrine tumor cannot be made histopathologically and biochemically. The preoperative diagnosis of bladder paraganglioma is established when there is a combination of atypical urinary symptoms and elevation of catecholamines in the urine or blood. The risk of dangerous vasomotor changes needs a multi-team approach for diagnosis and surgical treatment. The pathologic features, histochemical reactions, ultrastructural characteristics, histogenesis, methods for early diagnosis, and detection of multiple localizations or metastasis are briefly discussed. A precise family history should be obtained in any patient with an extra-adrenal paraganglioma to facilitate early diagnosis of tumors in previously unaffected family members or of additional tumors in affected relatives.
本文回顾了相关文献，并呈现了2例膀胱副神经节瘤的新病例，其中1例为恶性，1例为良性。1例患者没有膀胱副神经节瘤的典型症状，术后通过光镜和电镜检查得以确诊。恶性和良性内分泌肿瘤在组织病理学和生物化学上无法区分。当出现非典型泌尿系统症状且尿液或血液中儿茶酚胺升高时，可确立膀胱副神经节瘤的术前诊断。危险的血管舒缩变化风险需要多学科团队进行诊断和手术治疗。文中简要讨论了其病理特征、组织化学反应、超微结构特征、组织发生、早期诊断方法以及多部位或转移的检测。对于任何患有肾上腺外副神经节瘤的患者，都应获取精确的家族史，以便早期诊断先前未受影响的家庭成员中的肿瘤或受影响亲属中的其他肿瘤。
