DeVault S K, Dambrot F H
J Clin Psychol. 1983 Nov;39(6):824-8. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198311)39:6<824::aid-jclp2270390603>3.0.co;2-o.
Selected a brief, written case history of Major Depression, without melancholia, single episode from the DSM-III Case Book (Spitzer, Skodol, Gibbon, & Williams, 1981) and mailed to 369 male psychiatrists and male psychologists in the Midwest. One-half of the clinicians were sent the psychiatric case in its true form, a depressed male, and the other half were sent the case in an altered form, a depressed female. A 32% return resulted in 90 usable diagnoses. The results found no significant differences between psychiatrists and psychologists in diagnosis. The sex of the case did not affect significantly the agreement of diagnosis with the Case Book, the difficulty of the case, or the ratings of stressors or adaptive level of functioning. Sex of the case had no effect on the suggested length of treatment or the recommendation of drug treatment. It was found that clinicans agreed with the Case Book on the major diagnosis. However, the clinicians were not in agreement with the Case Book on the subcategory or the five-digit subtype. Results are discussed in terms of the effect of sex of the client on diagnosis and the new DSM-III Case Book and classification system.
从《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第三版》案例集（斯皮策、斯科多尔、吉本和威廉姆斯，1981年）中选取了一个无 melancholia 的单相重度抑郁症简短书面病史案例，并寄给了中西部地区的369名男性精神科医生和男性心理学家。其中一半的临床医生收到的是真实形式的精神科案例，即一名抑郁男性，另一半收到的是形式改变后的案例，即一名抑郁女性。32% 的回复率产生了90份可用诊断。结果发现，精神科医生和心理学家在诊断方面没有显著差异。案例的性别对与案例集的诊断一致性、案例难度或应激源评分或功能适应水平均无显著影响。案例的性别对建议的治疗时长或药物治疗建议没有影响。研究发现临床医生在主要诊断上与案例集一致。然而，临床医生在子类别或五位数字亚型上与案例集不一致。本文从患者性别对诊断的影响以及新的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第三版》案例集和分类系统的角度对结果进行了讨论。
