Strube M J, Turner C W, Patrick S, Perrillo R
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1983 Dec;45(6):1369-79. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.45.6.1369.
Recent investigations of the Type A coronary-prone behavior pattern have found that Type A's focus their attention on a central task and actively inhibit attention to peripheral distracting stimuli. This attentional difference has resulted in greater performance for Type A's than for Type B's. However, research on aesthetic stimuli suggests that the focused attention of Type A's may not always be adaptive for solving frustrating cognitive tasks, particularly when paying attention to a peripheral stimulus could enhance performance by reducing negative emotions. Simple, predictable, aesthetic stimuli can have a soothing effect, which reduces negative emotions and enhances performance. The present study found that Type B's had improved affect and performance from attending to a soothing peripheral stimulus (simplex melodies) while working on a frustrating cognitive task. Neither the performance nor the affect of Type A's was influenced by the simplex music, because they apparently suppressed paying attention to these melodies.
最近对A型冠心病易发行为模式的研究发现，A型人将注意力集中在核心任务上，并积极抑制对周围干扰刺激的关注。这种注意力差异导致A型人比B型人有更好的表现。然而，对审美刺激的研究表明，A型人的集中注意力在解决令人沮丧的认知任务时可能并不总是具有适应性，特别是当关注外围刺激可以通过减少负面情绪来提高表现时。简单、可预测的审美刺激可以产生舒缓效果，减少负面情绪并提高表现。本研究发现，B型人在处理令人沮丧的认知任务时，通过关注舒缓的外围刺激（简单旋律），情绪和表现得到了改善。简单音乐对A型人的表现和情绪均无影响，因为他们显然抑制了对这些旋律的关注。
