Chan-Yip A M, Kramer M S
Can Med Assoc J. 1983 Nov 1;129(9):955-8.
Following a prospective survey that showed a very low rate of breast-feeding (10%) in 1977-79 among Chinese women in Montreal, a culturally targeted program, which included individual prenatal counselling and a community-wide promotion and education campaign, was developed to improve the rates. The study group consisted of all Chinese women delivering in 1980 and 1981 who had taken their infants to one pediatrician for continuing care. The rates of breast-feeding in the 88 women who had received prenatal counselling and the 93 women who had not were compared. Although the rates were substantially increased for both groups over the 1977-79 rate (54% and 34% in 1980 and 65% and 55% in 1981 respectively), the 2-year rate was significantly higher for the counselled group compared with the uncounselled group in the later study (59% v. 43%). The greatest effect of counselling was seen in young, primiparous women of higher socioeconomic status who spoke French or English in addition to Chinese. However, 33% of the counselled women who had started breast-feeding had stopped by 1 month, compared with only 15% of the uncounselled women. Thus, although the rates of breast-feeding in ethnic groups can be increased with the use of a language- and culture-specific approach, more support and encouragement must be given to women who start breast-feeding so that they will continue longer.
一项前瞻性调查显示，1977年至1979年期间，蒙特利尔的中国女性母乳喂养率极低（10%）。之后，针对这一情况开展了一项具有文化针对性的项目，其中包括个性化的产前咨询以及社区范围的宣传和教育活动，以提高母乳喂养率。研究组由1980年和1981年分娩且带婴儿去看一位儿科医生进行持续护理的所有中国女性组成。对88名接受过产前咨询的女性和93名未接受过产前咨询的女性的母乳喂养率进行了比较。尽管两组的母乳喂养率与1977年至1979年的比率相比都大幅提高（1980年分别为54%和34%，1981年分别为65%和55%），但在后期研究中，接受咨询组的两年母乳喂养率显著高于未接受咨询组（59%对43%）。咨询的最大效果体现在社会经济地位较高、除中文外还会说法语或英语的年轻初产妇身上。然而，开始母乳喂养的接受咨询女性中有33%在1个月时就停止了，而未接受咨询的女性中这一比例仅为15%。因此，尽管采用特定语言和文化的方法可以提高不同种族群体的母乳喂养率，但对于开始母乳喂养的女性必须给予更多支持和鼓励，以便她们能持续更长时间。
