Todd M, Davis K E, Cafferty T P
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 1983;18(3):177-84. doi: 10.2190/ayk2-qrj7-n8pu-m9b5.
The present study is an attempt to determine volunteering bias in racial, gender, and age groups in an adult development study. Samples were drawn from three different types of organizations in the Columbia, South Carolina SMSA. Volunteering rates were calculated as a function of the number eligible to participate in three age groups: young adult (aged 20-25); 2) middle adult (aged 40-45); and 3) old (aged 60-80). The middle group volunteered at a higher rate than the other two age groups, but this effect was restricted to the white sample. Women volunteered more readily than men, but not among the elderly. Whites volunteered more readily than blacks. In order to overcome these volunteering biases, special recruitment procedures were employed in order to obtain a sample which adequately represents the populations in question.
本研究旨在确定成人发展研究中种族、性别和年龄组的志愿偏差。样本取自南卡罗来纳州哥伦比亚市SMSA的三种不同类型的组织。志愿服务率是根据三个年龄组中符合参与条件的人数计算的：1）青年成人（20-25岁）；2）中年成人（40-45岁）；3）老年人（60-80岁）。中年组的志愿服务率高于其他两个年龄组，但这种效应仅限于白人样本。女性比男性更愿意志愿服务，但在老年人中并非如此。白人比黑人更愿意志愿服务。为了克服这些志愿偏差，采用了特殊的招募程序，以获得一个能充分代表相关人群的样本。
