Ramachandran V S, Ginsburg A P, Anstis S M
Perception. 1983;12(4):457-61. doi: 10.1068/p120457.
Experiments are reported which have been designed to establish what features of a pair of figures can be used as an input for apparent motion. The display consisted of a central figure, A, which appeared briefly and was followed immediately afterwards by two figures, B and C, which appeared on either side of the original location of A. Figure A can thus move towards either B or C. When A was a low-pass filtered square it moved towards C (a low-pass filtered square that was similar to A but 'rotated' by 45 degrees) rather than toward B (a high-pass filtered square identical to A in orientation and size). When A was an unfiltered square it moved towards C (a low-pass filtered square of identical orientation) rather than towards B (a high-pass filtered square of identical orientation). Lastly, when A was a 'solid' square it moved towards C (a solid circle) rather than towards B (an outline square). All three experiments suggest that the direction of perceived movement is determined exclusively by low spatial frequencies rather than by similarity of oriented edges, especially when speed of alternation is rapid.
本文报告了一些实验，这些实验旨在确定一对图形的哪些特征可以用作表观运动的输入。显示器由一个中央图形A组成，A短暂出现，随后紧接着在A的原始位置两侧出现两个图形B和C。因此，图形A可以朝B或C移动。当A是一个低通滤波后的正方形时，它会朝着C移动（一个低通滤波后的正方形，与A相似但“旋转”了45度），而不是朝着B移动（一个高通滤波后的正方形，在方向和大小上与A相同）。当A是一个未滤波的正方形时，它会朝着C移动（一个方向相同的低通滤波后的正方形），而不是朝着B移动（一个方向相同的高通滤波后的正方形）。最后，当A是一个“实心”正方形时，它会朝着C移动（一个实心圆），而不是朝着B移动（一个轮廓正方形）。所有这三个实验表明，感知到的运动方向完全由低空间频率决定，而不是由定向边缘的相似性决定，尤其是在交替速度很快的时候。
