Schmitt T A, Degos L
Bull Cancer. 1978;65(1):83-8.
Among 2966 acute leukemia, 26 familial cases were reported. Leukemia occured mainly in the first relative individuals and particularly in the sibship. The relative risk for a sib of leukemic patient is four time more than for random people. Leukemia was often similar among patients of the same family and the onsets of the disease occured approximatly at the same age whatever the time between the dates of diagnosis. Twins with leukemia were often monozygotous. Relative risk of leukemia among twins, decreases according to the age: the probability of leukemia for a twin is: (a) 100 p. cent if the other twin is leukemic before 1 year old; (b) 15 p. cent between 1 to 4 years old and (c) similar to other sib after 4 years old. Among chronic leukemias, only chronic lymphocytic leukemia seems to have a genetic background for susceptibility. Some familial diseases (congenital aplastic anemia, Bloom's disease, Ataxia telangiectasia) or congenital diseases (Down's syndrome) increase the risk of leukemia.
在2966例急性白血病患者中，报告了26例家族性病例。白血病主要发生在一级亲属中，尤其是在同胞之间。白血病患者的同胞患白血病的相对风险比普通人高四倍。同一家族的患者白血病往往相似，无论诊断日期相隔多久，发病年龄大致相同。患白血病的双胞胎通常是同卵双胞胎。双胞胎患白血病的相对风险随年龄降低：双胞胎患白血病的概率为：(a) 如果另一个双胞胎在1岁前患白血病，则为100%；(b) 1至4岁之间为15%；(c) 4岁后与其他同胞相似。在慢性白血病中，似乎只有慢性淋巴细胞白血病有遗传易感性背景。一些家族性疾病（先天性再生障碍性贫血、布卢姆氏病、共济失调毛细血管扩张症）或先天性疾病（唐氏综合征）会增加患白血病的风险。
