Krystal J H, Redmond D E
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1983 Feb;18(2):289-91. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(83)90379-9.
Previous animal studies have suggested the rapid development of opiate dependency in 24 hours or less. However, the development of dependence on opioids within twenty-four hours has yet to be demonstrated in previously opiate-free human or nonhuman primate subjects. Following naloxone administration, cable-restrained monkeys which received intravenous morphine hourly for only six hours exhibited a behavioral syndrome characteristic of opioid withdrawal in this particular species. These data indicate that acute physical dependence on morphine may be induced after six hours in a primate species.
先前的动物研究表明，阿片类药物依赖可在24小时或更短时间内迅速形成。然而，在先前未使用过阿片类药物的人类或非人类灵长类动物受试者中，24小时内阿片类药物依赖的形成尚未得到证实。在给予纳洛酮后，仅每小时静脉注射吗啡6小时的缆绳束缚猴出现了该特定物种阿片类药物戒断的行为综合征。这些数据表明，灵长类动物在6小时后可能会产生对吗啡的急性身体依赖。
