Manuck S B, Kaplan J R, Clarkson T B
Psychosom Med. 1983 May;45(2):95-108. doi: 10.1097/00006842-198305000-00002.
It has been suggested that individual differences in behaviorally induced cardiovascular reactivity may mediate associations between behavioral factors and atherosclerotic disease. The present study provides data relevant to this hypothesis within an animal model. Experimental animals were 26 adult, male cynomolgus monkeys that had been fed a moderately atherogenic diet for 22 months. In the weeks preceding termination of these animals, monkeys were fitted with electrocardiogram (EKG) telemetry devices and their heart rates (HRs) recorded under baseline and stressed conditions. Stress-period HR measures were obtained during a standard challenge involving threatened capture and physical handling of the animals. At necropsy, the coronary arteries were subjected to pressure fixation and sections taken from the left main, left anterior descending, left circumflex, and right coronary arteries. Mean intimal area measurements, calculated for each artery, were then compared between animals identified as High (n = 8) and Low (n = 8) HR reactors during stress. Results indicated that High HR reactors had significantly greater coronary artery atherosclerosis than did Low HR reactive animals, both in individual arteries and on an overall coronary index. Atherosclerosis in the thoracic aorta was found to differ similarly between High and Low HR reactors. Additional analyses revealed that High HR reactors were significantly more aggressive, more ponderous, and had greater heart weights than did Low HR reactors. Although groups did not differ in resting HRs, body weights, or lipid values, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol comprised a slightly smaller fraction of the total serum cholesterol of High, relative to Low, HR reactive monkeys. It is concluded that these findings provide initial support for the hypothesis that cardiovascular hyperresponsiveness under stress is related to the development of atherosclerosis.
有人提出，行为诱导的心血管反应性的个体差异可能介导行为因素与动脉粥样硬化疾病之间的关联。本研究在动物模型中提供了与该假设相关的数据。实验动物为26只成年雄性食蟹猴，它们食用中度致动脉粥样化饮食22个月。在这些动物处死前的几周，给猴子佩戴心电图（EKG）遥测设备，并记录其在基线和应激条件下的心率（HR）。应激期心率测量是在涉及威胁性捕获和对动物进行身体处理的标准挑战期间获得的。尸检时，对冠状动脉进行压力固定，并从左主干、左前降支、左旋支和右冠状动脉取材。然后比较应激期间被确定为高心率反应者（n = 8）和低心率反应者（n = 8）的动物每条动脉的平均内膜面积测量值。结果表明，高心率反应者在个别动脉以及总体冠状动脉指数方面，其冠状动脉粥样硬化程度均显著高于低心率反应动物。发现胸主动脉粥样硬化在高心率反应者和低心率反应者之间也有类似差异。进一步分析显示，高心率反应者比低心率反应者明显更具攻击性、更笨重，且心脏重量更大。尽管两组在静息心率、体重或血脂值方面没有差异，但相对于低心率反应的猴子，高心率反应猴子的高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇在总血清胆固醇中所占比例略小。结论是，这些发现为应激下心血管高反应性与动脉粥样硬化发展相关这一假设提供了初步支持。
