Takahashi L K, Thomas D A, Barfield R J
J Comp Psychol. 1983 Sep;97(3):207-12.
This investigation was concerned with the extent to which aggressive resident rats emit 40-70-kHz vocalizations and the effect of these signals on intruders. In Experiment 1, deafened and intact intruder males were given two encounters with resident animals. Deafened intruders engaged in a higher duration of immobile or freezing postures than intact animals. Experiment 2 indicated that the augmentation of freezing found among deafened intruders was not due to an inability to detect ultrasounds made by residents since intruders encountering devocalized resident males showed no reliable differences in specific motor patterns from intruders paired with intact residents. The results further demonstrated that 40-70-kHz vocalizations are produced almost entirely by intruding animals since there were no significant changes in occurrence of these calls when resident males were devocalized. Under the constraints of the testing procedures employed, the role of ultrasonic communication during the initial formation of agonistic relations could not be determined experimentally.
本研究关注具有攻击性的成年雄鼠发出40 - 70千赫叫声的程度以及这些信号对入侵者的影响。在实验1中，致聋的和未致聋的雄性入侵者与成年雄鼠进行了两次对峙。致聋的入侵者保持不动或僵住姿势的持续时间比未致聋的动物更长。实验2表明，致聋的入侵者中出现的僵住行为增加并非由于无法检测到成年雄鼠发出的超声波，因为遇到已失音成年雄鼠的入侵者在特定运动模式上与与未失音成年雄鼠配对的入侵者相比没有可靠差异。结果进一步表明，40 - 70千赫的叫声几乎完全由入侵动物发出，因为当成年雄鼠失音时，这些叫声的出现频率没有显著变化。在所采用的测试程序的限制下，无法通过实验确定超声波通讯在争斗关系初始形成过程中的作用。
