Menné T, Holm N V
Contact Dermatitis. 1983 Jul;9(4):289-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1983.tb04393.x.
The Danish Twin Register represents a population-based twin sample where the twins enter the Register independently of disease. All female twins born between 1906-30 and available in the Register in January 1978 were sent a questionnaire concerning possible nickel sensitivity. Among 746 pairs living in the eastern part of Denmark, 129 twins from 115 pairs had a possible nickel allergy. Through a subsequent personal visit and, in most cases, patch testing, 34 monozygotic probands from 30 pairs and 45 dizygotic probands from 41 pairs were considered to have a verified nickel sensitivity and fulfilled the restriction criteria for the present study. The prevalence of present or previous hand eczema in both the monozygotic and the dizygotic probands was 41% (95% confidence limits: 30-52%). In 15 of the 32 with hand eczema, this was in the form of a relapsing pompholyx. Analysis of the monozygotic pairs showed that the risk of developing hand eczema in the co-twins seemed independent of whether the proband had nickel allergy and hand eczema or nickel allergy alone. Furthermore, it was found that the number of affected co-twins was comparable with the background population. Thus the association between nickel allergy and hand eczema is probably not due to a common genetic predisposition. Environmental factors seem decisive.
丹麦双胞胎登记处代表了一个基于人群的双胞胎样本，这些双胞胎是独立于疾病进入登记处的。所有在1906年至1930年之间出生且于1978年1月在登记处登记的女性双胞胎都收到了一份关于可能对镍过敏的问卷。在居住在丹麦东部的746对双胞胎中，来自115对双胞胎的129名双胞胎可能对镍过敏。通过随后的个人拜访，并且在大多数情况下进行斑贴试验，来自30对的34名同卵双胞胎先证者和来自41对的45名异卵双胞胎先证者被认为有经证实的镍过敏，并符合本研究的限制标准。同卵和异卵双胞胎先证者中目前或既往手部湿疹的患病率为41%（95%置信区间：30 - 52%）。在32名有手部湿疹的患者中，有15名表现为复发性汗疱疹。对同卵双胞胎对的分析表明，双胞胎中患手部湿疹的风险似乎与先证者是否有镍过敏和手部湿疹或仅镍过敏无关。此外，发现受影响的双胞胎数量与背景人群相当。因此，镍过敏与手部湿疹之间的关联可能不是由于共同的遗传易感性。环境因素似乎起决定性作用。
