Thorn-Gray B E, Levitt R A
Behav Neurosci. 1983 Oct;97(5):768-78. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.97.5.768.
One hundred forty-two rats given intracerebral microinjections of 1 microgram of etorphine hydrochloride were observed for subsequent analgesia (flinch-jump technique) and catatonia (bar test). Neuroanatomical specificity of effect was demonstrated to the extent that behavioral effects did not result from injections into areas of low opiate receptor binding affinity, such as medial cerebral cortex and hippocampus, nor were positive results obtained from injections into fiber bundles, such as the corpus callosum and internal capsule. Positive results were obtained in a large number of areas, ranging from brain stem to telencephalon. Injections eliciting analgesia without catatonia were limited in number (9 animals) and were widely scattered throughout neuroanatomical loci. Microinjection more frequently elicited catatonia only (29 animals), and site of injection was limited to posterior cerebral cortex, posterior amygdala, dorsal reticular formation, and cerebral aqueduct. Dual behavioral effects were elicited in 28 of the animals and occurred most frequently upon injection into the periaqueductal gray, inferior colliculus, and cerebral aqueduct. (Injection into cerebral aqueduct produced 50% catatonia only and 50% dual effects). The study suggests that opiate-elicited analgesia and catatonia may be neuroanatomically distinct phenomena.
对142只接受脑室内微量注射1微克盐酸埃托啡的大鼠进行观察，记录随后的镇痛效果（退缩-跳跃技术）和紧张症（杆试验）。研究表明，行为效应并非由注射到阿片受体结合亲和力较低的区域（如大脑内侧皮质和海马体）引起，注射到纤维束（如胼胝体和内囊）也未得到阳性结果，从而证明了效应的神经解剖学特异性。从脑干到端脑的大量区域都得到了阳性结果。引起镇痛但无紧张症的注射数量有限（9只动物），且广泛分布于神经解剖学部位。微量注射更常仅引起紧张症（29只动物），注射部位限于大脑后皮质、杏仁核后部、背侧网状结构和中脑导水管。28只动物出现了双重行为效应，最常发生在注射到导水管周围灰质、下丘和中脑导水管时。（注射到中脑导水管仅产生50%的紧张症和50%的双重效应）。该研究表明，阿片类药物引起的镇痛和紧张症可能是神经解剖学上不同的现象。
