Galvin J B, Oberg S G
Environ Res. 1984 Feb;33(1):7-16. doi: 10.1016/0013-9351(84)90003-3.
In vivo and in vitro systems were used to evaluate hexavalent chromium toxicity to alveolar macrophages. Rat alveolar macrophages were exposed to 2 micrograms calcium chromate (CaCrO4, insoluble) or 2 micrograms chromium trioxide (CrO3, soluble) in live animals, in vivo, and in tissue culture, in vitro, collected by lavage from the lung. Chemiluminescence and oxygen consumption were measured as indicators of toxicity. Trypan blue dye exclusion was used to determine macrophage viability. In vivo exposure of the macrophage to either chromium compound showed no toxic effects at a 2-micrograms dose. Macrophages exposed in tissue culture, however, had values significantly different from controls. The untreated controls for both exposure methods were compared to evaluate differences resulting from methods alone.
体内和体外系统用于评估六价铬对肺泡巨噬细胞的毒性。将大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞在活体动物体内暴露于2微克铬酸钙（CaCrO4，不溶性）或2微克三氧化铬（CrO3，可溶性），并在体外组织培养中通过肺灌洗收集。测量化学发光和氧气消耗作为毒性指标。使用台盼蓝染料排斥法测定巨噬细胞活力。巨噬细胞在体内暴露于任一铬化合物时，2微克剂量下均未显示出毒性作用。然而，在组织培养中暴露的巨噬细胞的值与对照组有显著差异。比较两种暴露方法的未处理对照组，以评估仅由方法导致的差异。
