Trulson M E, Preussler D W
Exp Neurol. 1984 Feb;83(2):367-77. doi: 10.1016/S0014-4886(84)90105-5.
The activity of dopamine-containing ventral tegmental area (VTA) units was recorded by means of movable 32- and 64-microns-diameter insulated Nichrome wires in freely moving cats. The VTA units displayed a slow, somewhat irregular activity during quiet waking (mean 3.63 +/- 0.41 spikes/s) and showed no significant change in activity during slow-wave sleep or REM sleep. Although VTA unit activity was somewhat higher and more erratic during active waking, there was no relationship between unit discharge and phasic movement. These neurons were inhibited (-87%) by small doses of apomorphine (1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) and excited (+43%) by small doses of haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.). The stress of a conditioned emotional reaction (CER) paradigm resulted in a significant increase in the discharge rate of VTA neurons (+39%), compared with the quiet-waking baseline. The CER paradigm increased plasma glucocorticoids by 74%. Neurochemical studies revealed that the CER paradigm resulted in a significant decrease of dopamine in the limbic forebrain (-31%), whereas both homovanillic acid (+47%) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (+43%) concentrations were increased. No significant changes in dopamine metabolism were observed in the striatum under the CER situation. These data have implications in relation to the role of stress and dopamine in mediating certain psychiatric disorders.
采用直径为32微米和64微米的可移动绝缘镍铬合金丝，在自由活动的猫身上记录含多巴胺的腹侧被盖区（VTA）神经元的活动。VTA神经元在安静觉醒期间表现出缓慢且略显不规则的活动（平均3.63±0.41次/秒），在慢波睡眠或快速眼动睡眠期间活动无显著变化。尽管在主动觉醒期间VTA神经元的活动略高且更不稳定，但神经元放电与相位运动之间没有关系。小剂量阿扑吗啡（1.0毫克/千克，腹腔注射）可抑制这些神经元（-87%），小剂量氟哌啶醇（0.5毫克/千克，腹腔注射）可兴奋这些神经元（+43%）。与安静觉醒基线相比，条件性情绪反应（CER）范式的应激导致VTA神经元放电率显著增加（+39%）。CER范式使血浆糖皮质激素增加74%。神经化学研究表明，CER范式导致边缘前脑多巴胺显著减少（-31%），而高香草酸（+47%）和二羟基苯乙酸（+43%）浓度均增加。在CER情况下，纹状体中多巴胺代谢未观察到显著变化。这些数据对压力和多巴胺在介导某些精神疾病中的作用具有启示意义。
