Research Service, VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX 75126, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9111, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9111, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9111, USA; International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8577, Japan.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2021 Jul;206:173194. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173194. Epub 2021 May 1.
Dopamine, orexin (hypocretin), and adenosine systems have dual roles in reward and sleep/arousal suggesting possible mechanisms whereby drugs of abuse may influence both reward and sleep/arousal. While considerable variability exists across studies, drugs of abuse such as cocaine induce an acute sleep loss followed by an immediate recovery pattern that is consistent with a normal response to loss of sleep. Under more chronic cocaine exposure conditions, an abnormal recovery pattern is expressed that includes a retention of sleep disturbance under withdrawal and into abstinence conditions. Conversely, experimentally induced sleep disturbance can increase cocaine seeking. Thus, complementary, sleep-related therapeutic approaches may deserve further consideration along with development of non-human models to better characterize sleep disturbance-reward seeking interactions across drug experience.
多巴胺、食欲素（下丘脑分泌素）和腺苷系统在奖励和睡眠/觉醒中具有双重作用，这表明滥用药物可能影响奖励和睡眠/觉醒的潜在机制。尽管研究中存在相当大的差异，但可卡因等滥用药物会导致急性睡眠丧失，随后立即恢复，这与正常的睡眠丧失反应一致。在更慢性的可卡因暴露条件下，会表现出一种异常的恢复模式，包括在戒断和禁欲条件下睡眠障碍的持续存在。相反，实验性诱导的睡眠障碍会增加可卡因的寻求。因此，与非人类模型的开发一起，互补的、与睡眠相关的治疗方法可能值得进一步考虑，以更好地描述药物体验中睡眠障碍-寻求奖励的相互作用。
