Howells J G, Guirguis W R
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1984 Feb;41(2):123-8. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1984.01790130017002.
We followed up 20 patients diagnosed as childhood schizophrenics more than 20 years earlier. The aims were to find out what patients were like as children, to see whether they had changed as adults, and to determine whether, as adults, they differed from schizophrenics whose conditions were not diagnosed in childhood. The original diagnosis was made by one child psychiatrist. All patients' conditions were rediagnosed retrospectively by strict application of the British Working Party's "nine diagnostic points." All adult patients were personally examined by one or both of us. We found that, apart from becoming generally quieter, patients were almost unchanged and retained most of the cardinal symptoms of childhood schizophrenia. They proved to be similar to adult simple schizophrenics. Whether or not patients were termed schizophrenic as adults depended on the criteria used for diagnosis. Age at onset did not affect outcome, with the exception of more reported hallucinatory experiences in the late-onset group.
我们对20多年前被诊断为儿童精神分裂症的20名患者进行了随访。目的是了解这些患者童年时的情况，看看他们成年后是否发生了变化，并确定他们成年后是否与童年未被诊断出患有精神分裂症的成年患者有所不同。最初的诊断由一名儿童精神科医生做出。所有患者的病情均通过严格应用英国工作组的“九点诊断标准”进行回顾性重新诊断。所有成年患者均由我们中的一人或两人亲自检查。我们发现，除了总体上变得更加安静外，患者几乎没有变化，仍保留着儿童精神分裂症的大部分主要症状。他们被证明与成年单纯型精神分裂症患者相似。患者成年后是否被诊断为精神分裂症取决于所使用的诊断标准。发病年龄并不影响预后，只是晚发组报告有更多幻觉体验。
