Dalrymple-Alford J C, Benton D
Behav Neurosci. 1984 Feb;98(1):23-34. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.98.1.23.
Rats housed in impoverished environments often show greater behavioral deficits after receiving brain lesions than to rats housed in standard or enriched environments. However, the resemblance between the effects of social isolation and those of hippocampal lesions in rats prompted the suggestion that rats socially isolated at weaning rather than grouped counterparts may show less behavioral change after sustaining dorsal hippocampal lesions when adult. In socially reared rats, hippocampal lesions produced increased ambulation and object contact in an open field, reduced passive avoidance in a runway task, and produced faster acquisition of active avoidance in a shuttle box, but there were no such differences in isolation-reared rats. Ambulation and object contact in isolates were intermediate to those of rats with lesions and intact group-housed rats, and the behavior of isolates during passive and active avoidance training was generally similar to that of grouped rats with lesions. The introduction of a distractor during approach training in an alley reduced running speeds more in rats with lesions than in controls. The several significant interactions between housing state and lesion state suggest that neural pathways associated with the hippocampal formation may mediate some behavioral effects of differential housing.
饲养在贫瘠环境中的大鼠在接受脑部损伤后，往往比饲养在标准或丰富环境中的大鼠表现出更严重的行为缺陷。然而，大鼠社会隔离效应与海马损伤效应之间的相似性促使人们提出这样的建议：断奶时社会隔离而非群居的大鼠，成年后在遭受背侧海马损伤后可能表现出较少的行为变化。在社会饲养的大鼠中，海马损伤会导致在旷场中的走动和物体接触增加，在跑道任务中的被动回避减少，并在穿梭箱中更快地习得主动回避，但在隔离饲养的大鼠中没有这些差异。隔离大鼠的走动和物体接触处于有损伤大鼠和完整群居大鼠之间，并且隔离大鼠在被动和主动回避训练期间的行为通常与有损伤的群居大鼠相似。在小巷接近训练期间引入干扰物，对有损伤大鼠的奔跑速度的降低比对对照组的影响更大。饲养状态和损伤状态之间的几个显著相互作用表明，与海马结构相关的神经通路可能介导了不同饲养方式的一些行为效应。
