Kovatch A L, Wald E R, Ledesma-Medina J, Chiponis D M, Bedingfield B
Pediatrics. 1984 Mar;73(3):306-8.
An attempt was made to determine the frequency of abnormal maxillary sinus radiographs in a group of unselected children having diagnostic skull radiographs performed for indications unrelated to respiratory infection. An occipitomental, or Water's, view was obtained in every case in order to evaluate the maxillary sinuses. Prior to performance of the radiographs, a history of recent respiratory symptoms was obtained and a physical examination of the ears, nose, and throat was performed. An abnormal maxillary sinus radiograph was defined as one that revealed an air-fluid level, partial or complete opacification, or mucous membrane thickening of 4 mm or greater. Fifty-nine (53%) of 112 presumably "normal" children had evidence of recent respiratory inflammation by history or at physical examination. In 50 subjects less than 1 year of age, abnormal maxillary sinus radiographs were common, irrespective of respiratory symptoms and signs. In contrast, eight of 14 children (57%) aged 1 to 16 years with both symptoms and signs of respiratory inflammation had abnormal maxillary radiographs, compared with only two of 31 children (7%) with neither symptoms nor signs (P less than .005). Crying alone was not associated with abnormal radiographs in the older age group. In children more than 1 year of age, abnormal maxillary sinus radiographs are infrequent and are generally related to inflammation of the upper respiratory tract.
对一组因与呼吸道感染无关的指征而进行诊断性颅骨X线检查的未筛选儿童，尝试确定上颌窦X线片异常的频率。为评估上颌窦，每例均拍摄了枕颏位（华氏位）片。在进行X线检查之前，获取了近期呼吸道症状史，并对耳、鼻、喉进行了体格检查。上颌窦X线片异常被定义为显示气液平面、部分或完全混浊，或黏膜增厚达4毫米或更厚。112名推测“正常”的儿童中，59名（53%）有近期呼吸道炎症的病史或体格检查证据。在50名1岁以下的儿童中，无论有无呼吸道症状和体征，上颌窦X线片异常都很常见。相比之下，14名1至16岁有呼吸道炎症症状和体征的儿童中，8名（57%）上颌窦X线片异常，而31名既无症状也无体征的儿童中只有2名（7%）异常（P<0.005）。在年龄较大的儿童中，仅哭闹与X线片异常无关。在1岁以上的儿童中，上颌窦X线片异常很少见，且通常与上呼吸道炎症有关。
