Oakley B R, Heath I B
J Cell Sci. 1978 Jun;31:53-70. doi: 10.1242/jcs.31.1.53.
Serial sections of mitotic spindles of the marine cryptophycean alga, Cryptomonas, were analysed to determine what types of microtubules they contained and which of these microtubules came close enough to each other (50 nm or less) for the commonly described crossbridging to be possible. Interpolar microtubules were rare (less than or equal to 1%) but from prometaphase through anaphase there was a substantial interpolar framework of free and polar microtubules which came close enough to one another to cross-bridge and generate anaphase spindle elongation by intermicrotubule sliding. However, such elongation would also require some concomitant polar microtubule polymerization. In contrast, only about 12% of the chromosomal microtubules came within bridging distance of interpolar framework microtubules. Thus, assuming that microtubules were accurately fixed in their in vivo positions, crossbridging between chromosomal and interpolar framework microtubules is unlikely to function in chromosome-to-pole movement. In all stages the great majority of chromosomal microtubules were found to extend all the way from the chromatin to the pole. Although the identification of intermicrotubular bridges in section is often ambiguous, the best and most frequent examples of bridges in the present material were between polar microtubules and between chromosomal microtubules but not between the 2 different categories. The spindles also contained 5-nm-diameter microfilaments associated mainly with chromosomal microtubules and occasionally with polar microtubules. A specific model for the possible involvement of these filaments in mitosis is presented.
对海洋隐藻Cryptomonas有丝分裂纺锤体的连续切片进行分析,以确定它们包含哪些类型的微管,以及这些微管中哪些彼此距离足够近(50纳米或更小),使得通常描述的交叉桥接成为可能。极间微管很少见(小于或等于1%),但从前中期到后期,存在大量由游离和极微管组成的极间框架,它们彼此距离足够近,可以交叉桥接,并通过微管间滑动产生后期纺锤体伸长。然而,这种伸长也需要一些伴随的极微管聚合。相比之下,只有约12%的染色体微管处于极间框架微管的桥接距离内。因此,假设微管在其体内位置被准确固定,染色体微管和极间框架微管之间的交叉桥接不太可能在染色体向极的移动中起作用。在所有阶段,发现绝大多数染色体微管从染色质一直延伸到极。尽管在切片中微管间桥接的识别往往不明确,但在本材料中,桥接的最佳和最常见例子是在极微管之间以及染色体微管之间,而不是在这两类不同的微管之间。纺锤体还含有直径为5纳米的微丝,主要与染色体微管相关,偶尔也与极微管相关。本文提出了这些细丝可能参与有丝分裂的具体模型。